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CET Neva tours . mountaineering, climbing, trekking, ski tours, kayaking, rafting

Ski tours on Central Caucasus, ski ascent of Elbrus

The Main Caucasian Ridge stretches for 1200 km from the West to the East, from the Black Sea to the Caspian. Its width reaches 180km, and it forms not only a geographical, but also ethnic and political barriers, separating Russia from the Caucasian region and its mosaic of nationalities. Caucasus Mountains are form natural frontier between Europe and Asia. At each end of the Caucasus range stands a peak of 5000m, higher then anything in the Alps. Greater Caucasus is traditionally divided into three regions: West Caucasus, Central and East Caucasus. The borders of these territories go along meridians that cross the Main Ridge over Mt.Elbrus (5642 m) in the West and Kazbek (5033 m) in the East. It is between these two giants that the most beautiful and interesting peaks stand, with more than forty of them surpassing the level of 4000m above the sea. It is here where seven caucasian fivethousanders arise their heads to the sky.

 
 
Among variety of regions composing the Central Caucasus it is the Elbrus Region that is a genuine gem. In spite of that high altitudes, rarified air, changeable weather have scared people away from this region for ages, now it is the most frequently visited sport and recreation center on the Caucasus. Many lateral valleys go aside of the main one where river Baksan flows.

         

Central Caucasus: Baksan Valley

The valley occupies half the territory of Kabardino-Balkaria and the letter represents the highest part of the Central Caucasus, with all the summits over 5,000m, except Kazbek. The upper part of the valley runs virtually east-west and is bordered on the south by the main Range with its northern branch, the Adyrsu range, extending from Sarykol peak at the head of the Adyrsu Valley. The northern border is Mt Elbrus and its eastern ridges. The upper reaches of this long, spacious and (above 1,700 - 1,800m) richly wooded valley, from the town of Tyrnyauz to the foot of Elbrus, are the scene of the busiest mountaineering activity: climbing, walking, skiing and paragliding. The place is highly civilized with more-or-less developed recreation facilities, ie. a metalled road coming close to the Main Ridge, good comfortable hotels, cableways and some huts on the walking routes.

          

The road is a string of small towns, villages and (higher up) of touring and mountaineering bases and hotels. The hotels can be found in Terskol and the Cheget Glade (about 200km from Mineralnye Vody city).

                     


The valley boasts two cableways. One is on Elbrus, two runs of cable cars and a chairlift above, up to 3,750m. The lower station is on the Azau Glade (2,250m), the intermediate one is Stary Krugozor (3000m) and Mir Station at 3,500m. The second cableway is a couple of chair-lifts (single and double seats) on the Cheget Glade (2,000m) bringing you to a shoulder (3,050m) on the eastern ridge of Chegetkarabashi peak (3,461m).

        


The Baksan Valley has quite a number of branch valleys, joining it from the north and south. The interesting side-valleys are described briefly:

Adyrsu Valley

Adyr-Su river streams down from the Main Caucasian Range in parallel to Adyl-Su in the next lateral valley to the East and flows into Baksan river near Upper Baksan village. Further to the west, 20km up from Tyrnyauz. It has a 12km long jeep road, leading to two large mountaineering bases and has any more climbers, walkers and in winter skiers. When you emerge from its lower, narrow and woody part after a long and sweaty walk up the road and see the shining north face of Ullutau across the vast space of its head. At altitude approximately 2300-2400 m two mountaineering camps, "Ullu-Tau" and "Dzhaylyk", are situated. The valleys Adyl-Su and Adyr-Su are separated by long Northern Ridge stretching to the North from peak Gumachi (3805 m) on the Main Caucasian Range. Peaks Chot-Chat (3780 m), VIA-Tau, Koi-Avgan-Bashi (3877 m) (from the South to the North) standing in that Ridge. Massif Ullu-Tau (4207 m), standing on the Main Caucasian Range, closes the valley on the South, peaks Dzhailyk (4533 m) and Tiu-Tiu-Bashi (4460 m) tower above next to the East lateral ridge between Adyr-Su and Tiu-Tiu-Su valleys.

         

There are many good places for camping, but the best one is on the left bank, in the pine grove, in Ullutau Alpine Camp (2,360m). There is no easy access to the valley because there is a canyon at the Adyrsu river.s mouth (1600m) and no motorable way up. To get on the road in the valley you have use a car-lift. Two passes connect the valley with its neighbours: Mestiysky, leads across the Main Range to the Lekzyr glacier and Upper Svanetia (Georgia), and Koyavganauch to the Adylsu Valley. The nearest village is Upper Baksan in the Baksan Valley, opposite the mouth. The valleys Adyl-Su and Adyr-Su are separated by long Northern Ridge stretching to the North from peak Gumachi (3805 m) on the Main Caucasian Range. Peaks Chot-Chat (3780 m), VIA-Tau, Koi-Avgan-Bashi (3877 m) (from the South to the North) stand in that Ridge.


         


Adylsu Valley

Adyl-Su river streams down from the Main Caucasian Range between two its lateral ridges in WNW direction and flows into Baksan river near Elbrus village. At the Adyl-Su upper reaches, at 2600 m altitude a large, grass-covered in summer, meadow named "Green Hotel" is situated. Neighbouring to a glacier lake, it represents a comfortable bivouac site. The head of the main valley cannot boast scenery like Adyrsu, but the upper parts of its three left side branch valleys, Shkhelda, Kashkatash and Bashkara, are well worth visiting and taking in the views. In turn, Shkhelda valley with the river of the same name is left, south tributary of Adyl-Su. At the confluence, two mountaineering camps, "Shkhelda" and "Elbrus", and rescue service station are situated. From the Shkhelda glacier, climbing routes take beginning to famous mountains: massif Sckhelda, Shchurovsky peak, Mt. Ushba North (4694 m) and South (4710 m) via Ushbinsky pass (4100 m), massif Chatyn (4368 m) via South Chatyn pass. Well known bivouac place - "Nemetskie nochiovki" (German bivouac, 3260 m) - is placed on the elevated, orographically right side of the Shkhelda glacier just opposite the Ushbinsky pass.


         



The cirque of the Bashkara glacier is a rare exception for rather a long stretch of the Main Range. It is a mountain cul-de-sac with no passes on its abrupt ridges, linking Ullukara (4,300m), Bashkara (4,240m) and Djantugan (3,990m) peaks. There are mountaineering bases and summer camps in the valley. The Rescue Service of the Elbrus area is located in the Shkhelda (1,900m) base. Another camp, Djantugan (2,130m), is at the end of the jeep-road, climbing the right side of the main valley. The best place for camping is located on a green meadow at the head of the valley, near the right bank moraine of the Bashkara glacier (2-2,5 hours walk from Djantugan camp), this place called "the Green Hotel" (2,600m). A good easy climb and a good viewpoint is Gumachy peak (3,805m), in the left corner of the upper basin of the Djankuat glacier. The Koyavganauch Pass is the way to the Adyrsu Valley across the Adylsu Range. The nearest village is Tegenekly, in the Baksan Valley, 1,5km from the mouth, upstream.

         

Donguzorun Valley

The road into the Donguzorun Valley branches off from the main road in the Baksan, 2km down from the town of Terskol, goes over a bridge across the Baksan river and comes to the Cheget Glade (2,000m) with many hotels, guest houses, cafes, souvenir shops, woollies bazaar and the two lower stations of single and double chair-lifts. The first lift to "Café Ai" station (2,750m) takes 15 minutes. There is one more lift to a shoulder on the ridge (3,050m), it is good view point for Mt Elbrus across the deep and green Baksan Valley. A wide path goes up through the Donguzorun Valley in view of the formidable north walls of Donguzorun (4,457m) and Nakratau (4,277m) peaks, past a large turquoise lake under the former, up to the foot of the Donguzorun Pass to Upper Svanetia (Georgia).

         

CET Neva agency offers to take part in mountain ski travels in Elbrus Region of the Central Caucasus. The region spreads over the Baksan river valley and valleys of its tributaries. At the upper reaches of the river, double-headed extinct volcano Mt. Elbrus, the Europe tallest mountain (5642 and 5621 m), towers in the North and two standing in the Main Caucasian Ridge 4-thousanders, Donguz-Orun (4454 m) and Nakra-Tau (4225 m), rises in the South.

         

Downstream, 13 km from the upper end of the valley, Baksan accepts Adyl-su, right tributary, flowing down from the Main Ridge and still farther, at 12 km from that confluence . another right tributary, Adyr-su. All these compose area of our ski tour routes. Two tour programs are presented below. The 8-day one offers ascent of Elbrus after a high altitude adaptation on Mt. Cheget, local ski center, and on Elbrus slopes. Elbrus summiting by ski and following 25 km descending with 2500 m level difference are main attraction of the program. The 11-day program includes besides travels in the lateral valleys Adyl-su and Adyr-su. In the course of the tours the participants are accommodated in comfortable hotels in Terskol village at the upper reaches of the Baksan valley and in mountain huts.

         


Participation in ski tours implies an experience in use of special equipment for ski touring, randonneé equipment. It includes light skis of special profile, bindings with possibility to fix/unfix the heel, boots allowing the ankle-joint to be flexible. Randonneé skis allow for your heel to be free for climbing and fixed for downhill. They are the best type skis for those who normally ski alpine style. Also skins are necessary to allow for traction while climbing.

TRIP ITINERARY 2010

Panorama Caucasus - Elbrus region (download file)

The diary by Aitor (Bask team)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)




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